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Research Article | DOI: https://doi.org/10.31579/2766-2314/025
1 Senior Const., Asst. Prof., Dr., Microbiology, Technology and Science Dept., Ranyah College, Taif University, KSA.
2 Microbiology Br., Biology Dept., Science College, Taif University, KSA
*Corresponding Author: Sherifa Mostafa M. Sabra. Asst. Prof., Dr., Microbiology, Technology and Science Dept., Ranyah University College, Taif University, KSA.
Citation: Sherifa M. M. Sabra, F. A. Al-Salmi (2021) In-vitro Trial of Salvia officinalis Water-extract on Buccal-cavity-bacteria and Individual's-health-outcome at Highland. J, Biotechnology and Bioprocessing 2(2); DOI: 10.31579/2766-2314/025
Copyright: © 2021, Sherifa Mostafa M. Sabra, This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Received: 01 January 2021 | Accepted: 22 January 2021 | Published: 02 February 2021
Keywords: in-vitro; salvia officinalis water-extract; buccal-cavity-bacteria; individual's-health-outcome; highland; sage
This article was for "In-vitro Trial of Salvia officinalis Water-extract on Buccal-cavity-bacteria and Individual's-health-outcome at Highland"; the aim was an in-vitro trial carried out in highland area at "Taif" using Sage boiled water extracts with mouth swabs of healthy persons between. That to determine the extent ability to eliminate buccal cavity bacteria and the persons benefit. Official best type were sold from Pharmacies, Sage boiled water extracts were made. Mouth swabs were taken and put in Sage boiled water extracts, then were cultured at (first, third and fifth) hours. Percentage of buccal cavity bacteria eradication during in-vitro trial found, ranging from the three quarters to the total eradication within 3 hours, were 35%, 100% were eradication within 3 hours and represented 65%, 75% of eradicated. Mean percentage of buccal cavity bacteria eradication during in-vitro trial, eradication speeds were from 70-100% represented by 40%, proved the speed of eradication quickly in a very short time, rate from 40-70%, represented by 60%. Mean percent of buccal cavity bacteria eradication according to hour during in-vitro experiment; the eradication speed were in the first hour about half of the eradication were 43.8%, the second hour was 72.5%, and the third hour approached 83.8%. That concluded the Sage boiled water extracts had an effects on the buccal cavity bacteria and a positive effect to reduce buccal cavity bacteria and reduce pathogen infection as an individual's health outcome. That recommend the importance of the Sage boiled water extracts and it can used daily to prevent diseases.
Salvia officinalis Linnaeus (Sage) aromatic plant used for medicinal treatment [1], also used both in culinary and medicinal preparations [2], so conducted on the effectiveness of herbal materials [3]. The administration of herbal antimicrobial dental products suggested as an auxiliary protocol to tooth brushing [4]. Antimicrobial effect of Sage extract has shown experimentally [5], dry sage leaves used in folk medicine for a variety of disorders [6], and Sage mouthwash significantly reduced the colony count [7]. Sageextract used against Enterococcus faecalis from single-rooted human teeth and following irrigates were then applied the extract reduced Enterococcus faecalis number of cells [8]. Buccal cavity bacteria included Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus mutans, essential, either through conventional techniques, the use of known antimicrobials, of plant products. Considering the increase in antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms, alternative methods involving the use of plant products may be a beneficial approach [9]. Sage extracts against oral bacteria antibacterial BCB on Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus species clinically isolated from dental surgery patients. The antibacterial activity evaluated by means of the disc diffusion and the minimum inhibitory concentration and was obvious success [10]. Sage extract on clinical samples isolated BCB strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus mutans, presented antimicrobial activity on all isolates [11].
The aim of the laboratory study was an in-vitro trial that carried out in the highland area at "Taif" using Sage boiled water extracts with mouth swabs of healthy persons between the ages of (20-30) year. That to determine the extent of Sage boiled water extracts ability to eliminate buccal cavity bacteria and the benefit for the persons. That were to clear the dangers of buccal cavity bacteria to body and prevent pass any bacteria from the mouth to cause diseases such as tooth decay and others that affect the digestive system or infect the body. As well as that would result in good individual's health outcome.
Table 1 and graph 1 exhibited percentage of buccal cavity bacteria eradication during in-vitro trial, as results, the rate of eradication of buccal cavity bacteria by Sage boiled water extracts found, ranging from the eradication rate of three quarters to the total eradication within 3 hours. About seven, which were 35% of the cases understudy, found 100% were eradication within 3 hours and the other were 13, which represented 65% of the cases understudy. Three quarters 75% of the buccal cavity bacteria eradicated, from this; it became clear that the Sage boiled water extracts the ability to eradicate buccal cavity bacteria in a commotion. The importance of eradication of buccal cavity bacteria and preserving the teeth and digestive system from causing diseases and this is one of the advantages and benefits of the Sage boiled water extracts on a person's health as individual's health outcome [8-11].
Table 2 and graph 2 exhibited mean percentage of buccal cavity bacteria eradication during in-vitro trial, it was found from the arithmetic averages that the speed of eradication of buccal cavity bacteria oral bacteria by the Sage boiled water extracts. That was from 70-100% represented by 8 cases understudy, or 40%, to prove the speed of eradication buccal cavity bacteria quickly in a very short time. As for the eradication rate from 40-70%, represented by 12 cases understudy, i.e. 60% of the cases. The speed was medium but beneficial and may depend on the oral flora types, the person’s habits and the presence of organic materials or food residues in the mouth. That might disrupt the action of the Sage boiled water extracts on the buccal cavity bacteria. From the result, it becomes clear that the Sage boiled water extracts had excellent qualities to eliminate buccal cavity bacteria in a short time and quickly, which helps the person to maintain oral health and the health of the body. As for the factors that can reduce or slow down the action of the Sage boiled water extracts, the person’s habits, the presence of food residues in the mouth, and the mouth non-observance [8-11].
Table 3 and graph 3 exhibited mean percent of buccal cavity bacteria eradication according to hour during in-vitro experiment; it found from the arithmetic averages that the speed of eradication of buccal cavity bacteria by the Sage boiled water extracts through the average of each hour. It was in the first hour about half of the eradication of buccal cavity bacteria were 43.8%, the second hour was about three quarters of eradication of buccal cavity bacteria were 72.5%, and the third hour approached four-fifths 83.8%. It indicated the speed of eradication BCB quickly in a very short time. As for the eradication rate, it was progressive and rapid, which indicated the extent of benefit from the Sage boiled water extracts to eradicate buccal cavity bacteria. It turns out that the Sage boiled water extracts has excellent qualities to eradicate buccal cavity bacteria in a short time and quickly, which helps a person maintain oral health and healthy body as individual's health outcome [8-11].
It was evident from experience that the Sage boiled water extracts had an effect on buccal cavity bacteria and a positive effect to reduce oral bacteria and reduce pathogen infection as an individual's health outcome.
That recommend the importance of the Sage boiled water extracts and it can used daily to prevent diseases.
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